IN THIS LESSON

What It Is

Ballistics is the study of firearms, bullets, and the behavior of projectile motion. In forensic ballistics, investigators analyze bullet trajectories and gunshot residue to link firearms to crimes.

How It Works

  1. Evidence Collection: Bullets and cartridge casings are carefully collected from the crime scene.

  2. Microscopic Examination: A comparison microscope is used to analyze the unique striations and markings on the bullets and casings that are imparted by the firearm.

  3. Database Comparison: Collected evidence is compared with records in ballistic databases to match the weapon used.

  4. Reconstruction: Analysts may also reconstruct shooting incidents based on trajectory and impact patterns.

examples

Ballistics has been crucial in helping link firearms to crimes and identify shooters involved in incidents.

In the assassination of U.S. President John F. Kennedy in 1963, ballistics analysis was crucial in determining the type of weapon used and relating it to Lee Harvey Oswald, who was found with the rifle.

Why it matters

For families mourning a loved one who died in a shooting, ballistics analysis can confirm the use of a weapon and help identify the perpetrator. This clarity can be instrumental in the grieving process, as it brings the pursuit of justice to the forefront and reduces uncertainty surrounding the incident.